Calculation assumptions
Server: climate impact0.12 gCO2e
Electricity, including PUE0.3 Wh

Configuration used for this calculationMeta - Llama 3.1 405B · NVIDIA DGX H100 (8 GPU)

These values determine the result above and reflect the selected model. “Calculation assumptions” groups the hardware and operating-condition settings.

Selected model

Meta - Llama 3.1 405B

Referenced architecture and size

Architecture
dense
Active parameters
405.87 billion
Total parameters
405.87 billion
Model source

Selected server

NVIDIA DGX H100 (8 GPU)

Hardware profile used as a proxy

CPUs per server
2
GPUs per server
8
Throughput per GPU (TFLOP/s)
989
RAM (GB)
2,000
SSD (GB)
30,000
Power and manufacture
Power per CPU (W)
350
Manufacture per CPU (kg CO₂e)
25
Power per GPU (W)
700
Manufacture per GPU (kg CO₂e)
250
RAM power (W/GB)
0.392
RAM manufacture (kg CO₂e/GB)
1.38802
SSD power (W/GB)
0.0012
SSD manufacture (kg CO₂e/GB)
0.16
Auxiliary power (W)
0
Enclosure manufacture (kg CO₂e)
250

Operating conditions

Electricity region
United States
Electricity factor
0.3548 kg CO₂e/kWh
PUE
1.2
Hardware lifetime
5 years
D4B electricity factors, 2025 snapshot

Calculation and breakdown

Results
Compute load : 405.87 TFLOP
Latency : 26 ms
Processing time : 128 ms
Throughput : 3,898.79 tokens/s
Energy : 0.3 Wh
GPU
CPU
RAM
Storage
Chassis
GHG emissions : 0.12 gCO2e
GPU
CPU
RAM
Storage
Chassis
Operational
Embodied

Result assumptions and limitations

Active assumptions: MFU 40 % · PUE 1.2 · lifetime 5 years. Constant profile power and manufacturing factors, allocated by active time.

Selected case limitation: The 2PT proxy simplifies long-context attention and MoE routing. Prefix caching reduces the prompt only.

Not included: devices, external networks, idle capacity, buildings and application services. Training is not automatically allocated to inference.

Partial estimate to calibrate against duration and energy measurements.